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Shloka 39

द्रोणकर्णयोः निशि संप्रहारः — Night Engagement with Droṇa and Karṇa

हतभूयिष्ठयोधं तत्‌ कृत्वा तव बल॑ बली

hatabhūyiṣṭhayodhaṃ tat kṛtvā tava balaṃ balī

Sañjaya said: Having thus reduced your army to a force in which most of the warriors were slain, that mighty one brought about this state of your host—an outcome heavy with the moral weight of war’s devastation.

हतभूयिष्ठयोधम्the army/host whose warriors were mostly slain
हतभूयिष्ठयोधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहत-भूयिष्ठ-योध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made/done
कृत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तवof you/your
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
बलम्army/strength
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बलीthe strong one; mighty (man)
बली:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
K
Kaurava army (tava balam)
A
a mighty warrior (balī; unspecified in this fragment)

Educational Q&A

Even when framed as heroic might (balī), the verse foregrounds the grim ethical reality of war: power is measured here by the capacity to annihilate, and the narrative invites reflection on the cost—an army reduced because most warriors are slain.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a powerful combatant has caused the Kaurava host to become an army with most of its warriors killed—indicating a severe reversal and near-ruin of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s forces.