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Shloka 21

द्रोणकर्णयोः निशि संप्रहारः — Night Engagement with Droṇa and Karṇa

द्रौणिना रक्ष्यमाणं च मया दुःशासनेन च । कथं प्राप्स्यति बीभत्सु: सैन्धवं कालचोदितः

drauṇinā rakṣyamāṇaṃ ca mayā duḥśāsanena ca | kathaṃ prāpsyati bībhatsuḥ saindhavaṃ kālacoditaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “When Jayadratha is being guarded by Drauni (Aśvatthāman), by me, and by Duḥśāsana as well, how will the terrible Arjuna—driven on by fate and the pressure of time—ever reach the Sindhu prince?”

द्रौणिनाby the son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)
द्रौणिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रक्ष्यमाणम्being protected/guarded
रक्ष्यमाणम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
दुःशासनेनby Duḥśāsana
दुःशासनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
प्राप्स्यतिwill attain/reach
प्राप्स्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormLṛṭ (Simple Future), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
बीभत्सुःBībhatsu (Arjuna)
बीभत्सुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबीभत्सु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सैन्धवम्the Sindhu-king (Jayadratha)
सैन्धवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कालचोदितःimpelled by Time/fate
कालचोदितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकालचोदित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Drauni (Aśvatthāman)
D
Duḥśāsana
A
Arjuna (Bībhatsu)
J
Jayadratha (Saindhava)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between human planning and the pressure of kāla (time/fate): even strong defensive arrangements can be challenged by a determined agent driven by urgent circumstance. It also underscores how, in war, confidence in protection can become moral blindness when defending an unjust cause.

Sañjaya describes the Kaurava side’s confidence that Jayadratha is securely protected by Aśvatthāman, Duḥśāsana, and Sañjaya himself, and questions how Arjuna could possibly break through to reach Jayadratha—whom Arjuna is urgently pursuing.