Shloka 15

एष कौरवयोधानां कृत्वा घोरमुपद्रवम्‌ । तव प्राणै: प्रियतम: किरीटिन्नेति सात्यकि:,“किरीटधारी अर्जुन! जो तुम्हें प्राणोंके समान अत्यन्त प्रिय है, वही यह सात्यकि कौरव योद्धाओंमें घोर उपद्रव मचाकर आ रहा है

eṣa kauravayodhānāṁ kṛtvā ghoram upadravam | tava prāṇaiḥ priyatamaḥ kirīṭinn eti sātyakiḥ ||

Sanjaya said: “Behold—Sātyaki, who is as dear to you as your very life, O Kirīṭin (Arjuna), is advancing, after causing a dreadful upheaval among the Kaurava warriors.”

एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कौरव-योधानाम्of the Kaurava warriors
कौरव-योधानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौरवयोध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कृत्वाhaving made / having caused
कृत्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा, Active, Absolutive (having done)
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
उपद्रवम्disturbance, havoc
उपद्रवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपद्रव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तवof you / your
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
प्राणैःwith (your) lives; as life itself
प्राणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रियतमःmost dear
प्रियतमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रियतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किरीटिन्O diadem-wearer (Arjuna)
किरीटिन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटिन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सात्यकिःSātyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
A
Arjuna (Kirīṭin)
S
Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)
K
Kaurava warriors

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of loyalty in dharma-yuddha: a trusted ally, dear as life itself, acts decisively to protect and advance the cause of his companions. It underscores how personal bonds and duty intertwine on the battlefield.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that Sātyaki is approaching after creating severe disruption among the Kaurava troops, and he identifies him pointedly as one who is extremely dear to Arjuna (Kirīṭin).