Shloka 12

तरन्निव जले श्रान्तो यथा स्थलमुपेयिवान्‌ | त॑ दृष्टवा पुरुषव्याप्र॑ं युयुधान: समाश्चसत्‌,जैसे जलमें तैरते-तैरते थका हुआ मनुष्य स्थलमें पहुँच जाय, उसी प्रकार पुरुषसिंह अर्जुनको देखकर युयुधानको बड़ा आश्वासन मिला

tarann iva jale śrānto yathā sthalam upeyivān | taṃ dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghraṃ yuyudhānaḥ samāśvasat ||

Sañjaya said: Just as a man, exhausted from swimming in water, gains relief on reaching firm ground, so too did Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki) feel a great reassurance upon seeing Arjuna, the tiger among men.

तरन्swimming
तरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (तरणे)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
जलेin water
जले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजल
Formनपुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन
श्रान्तःtired/exhausted
श्रान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रान्त
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) from श्रम्, पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
स्थलम्dry land/shore
स्थलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थल
Formनपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
उपेयिवान्having reached/arrived at
उपेयिवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ (गत्यर्थे)
Formक्तवतु-प्रत्ययान्त (perfect/resultative participle; 'having reached'), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तत्him/that (one)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formनपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (दर्शने)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोगार्थ (gerund is voice-neutral)
पुरुषव्याघ्रम्the tiger among men (great hero)
पुरुषव्याघ्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याघ्र
Formपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
युयुधानःYuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
युयुधानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुयुधान
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
समाश्वसत्took heart/was greatly reassured
समाश्वसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्वस् (प्रश्वासे/आश्वासने)
Formलङ् (imperfect), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
Y
Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)

Educational Q&A

In crisis, moral strength and confidence can be restored by the presence of a steadfast, capable, dharmic ally; righteous leadership functions like firm ground for the exhausted.

Sañjaya describes Sātyaki’s renewed confidence when he sees Arjuna on the battlefield, comparing it to a tired swimmer reaching land and feeling immediate relief.