Shloka 15

Devanagari script

भूरिश्रवा: कृपो द्रौणिर्मद्रराजो जयद्रथ: । उत्तमौजा युधामन्यु: सात्यकि: केशवार्जुनौ

Transliteration

bhūriśravāḥ kṛpo drauṇir madrarājo jayadrathaḥ | uttamaujā yudhāmanyuḥ sātyakiḥ keśavārjunau ||

Translation

Sanjaya said: Bhurishravas, Kripa, Droṇa’s son (Aśvatthāman), Shalya the king of Madra, Jayadratha, Uttamaujas, Yudhāmanyu, Sātyaki, and Krishna together with Arjuna—these foremost warriors were present amid the charged movement of the battle.

Word by Word

भूरिश्रवाःBhūrishravas (a warrior)

कृपःKripa

द्रौणिःDrauni (Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa)

मद्रराजःking of Madra (Śalya)

जयद्रथःJayadratha

उत्तमौजाःUttamaujā (a warrior)

युधामन्युःYudhāmanyu

सात्यकिःSātyaki

केशवKeśava (Krishna)

अर्जुनौthe two Arjunas / Arjuna (dual form as in the text)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Bhūriśravas

Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)

Aśvatthāman (Drauṇi)

Śalya (Madrarāja)

Jayadratha

Uttamaujas

Yudhāmanyu

Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)

Kṛṣṇa (Keśava)

Arjuna

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

By naming eminent warriors from both camps, the verse highlights the moral weight of Kurukṣetra: greatness in arms does not remove the burden of dharma. The coming actions of such figures will be judged not only by victory but by adherence to righteous conduct amid extreme pressure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by listing key combatants—Kaurava-aligned (Bhūriśravas, Kṛpa, Aśvatthāman, Śalya, Jayadratha) and Pāṇḍava-aligned (Uttamaujas, Yudhāmanyu, Sātyaki, along with Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna)—indicating their presence/engagement at this juncture of the Drona Parva battle narrative.