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Shloka 55

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

गदाविमशथितैगत्रिर्मुसलैर्भिन्नमस्तका: । गजवाजिरथक्षुण्णा: शेरते सम नरा: क्षितौ,किन्हींके शरीर गदाकी चोटसे चूर-चूर हो गये थे, किन्हींके मस्तक मूसलोंकी मारसे फट गये थे तथा कितने ही मनुष्य घोड़े, हाथी एवं रथोंसे कुचल गये थे। ये सभी वहाँ पृथ्वीपर प्राणहीन होकर सो गये थे

gadāvimathitaiḥ gātraiḥ musalaiḥ bhinnamastakāḥ | gajavājirathakṣuṇṇāḥ śerate sma narāḥ kṣitau ||

Sañjaya said: Men lay there on the earth, lifeless—some with limbs shattered by the crushing blows of maces, some with heads split open by clubs, and many trampled and ground down beneath elephants, horses, and chariots. The scene reveals the stark moral cost of battle: bodies reduced to silence, and victory purchased through widespread destruction.

गदाby maces
गदा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
अभिमथितैःcrushed, pounded
अभिमथितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि√मथ (मथ्)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
गात्रैःwith limbs/bodies
गात्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगात्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
मुसलैःby clubs/pestles
मुसलैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमुसल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
भिन्नsplit, shattered
भिन्न:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√भिद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मस्तकाःheads (i.e., men with heads split)
मस्तकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमस्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गजby elephants
गज:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाजिby horses
वाजि:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
रथby chariots
रथ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
क्षुण्णाःtrampled, crushed
क्षुण्णाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√क्षुद्/क्षुण्ण (PPP)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शेरतेlie, are lying
शेरते:
TypeVerb
Root√शी (शे)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
समम्together, all around
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
नराःmen
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षितौon the earth/ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
gadā (mace)
M
musala (club)
G
gaja (elephant)
V
vāji (horse)
R
ratha (chariot)
K
kṣiti (earth/ground)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim reality and ethical weight of war: human bodies are shattered by weapons and war-machines, reminding the listener that even ‘righteous’ conflict carries immense suffering and irreversible loss.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the battlefield aftermath: warriors lie dead on the ground—some smashed by maces, some with skulls split by clubs, and others crushed under elephants, horses, and chariots.