Shloka 1

संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! अपने पुत्र इरावानके वधका वृत्तान्त सुनकर अर्जुनको बड़ा दुःख हुआ। वे सर्पके समान लंबी साँस खींचने लगे

sañjaya uvāca—rājan! sva-putra irāvāṇasya vadhavṛttāntaṃ śrutvā arjunasyātīva duḥkham abhavat. sa sarpa iva dīrghaṃ niḥśvāsaṃ kartum ārabdhavān.

Sañjaya said: O King, when Arjuna heard the account of the slaying of his own son Iravan, he was overwhelmed with grief. Like a serpent, he began to draw long, heavy breaths.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथयतिsays/tells
कथयति:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वस्यof his own
स्वस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रस्यof (his) son
पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इरावतःof Iravan
इरावतः:
TypeNoun
Rootइरावत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वधस्यof the killing/death
वधस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वृत्तान्तम्account/news
वृत्तान्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्तान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखम्sorrow/grief
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभवत्arose/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्पवत्like a serpent
सर्पवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्पवत्
दीर्घम्long
दीर्घम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निःश्वासम्breath/sigh
निःश्वासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिःश्वास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मुमोचreleased/let out
मुमोच:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna
I
Iravan

Educational Q&A

Even in a dharma-yuddha, personal loss pierces the warrior’s discipline; the verse highlights the human cost of war and the ethical tension between public duty and private grief.

Sanjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna, upon hearing the detailed news of his son Iravan’s death, is struck with intense sorrow and begins to breathe in long, heavy sighs.