Shloka 9
Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)
Devanagari script
अभ्यधावन्त समरे निषादान् सह राजभि: । ततः प्रववृते युद्धें घोररूपं भयावहम्
Translation
They charged in battle upon the Niṣādas together with their kings. Then a dreadful war broke forth, grim in form and fearsome to behold.
Word by Word
अभ्यधावन्तthey ran towards / charged
अभ्यधावन्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धाव्
Formलङ्, Imperfect (past), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निषादान्the Niṣādas
निषादान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिषाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
राजभिःwith kings
राजभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ततःthen / thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
प्रववृतेarose / began / set in
प्रववृते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वृत्
Formलिट्, Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
युद्धेin the fighting
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
घोररूपम्of dreadful form
घोररूपम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootघोररूप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भयावहम्bringing fear / terrifying
भयावहम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभयावह
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes