Shloka 83
Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)
Devanagari script
हतारोहाश्न मातड्रा: पाण्डवेन कृता रणे
Translation
On that battlefield, when Bhīma, Pāṇḍu’s son, had slain the mounted warriors, many maddened elephants fled in disorder through the Kaurava host like clouds battered by the wind; trampling their own troops and writhing in the pain of arrows, they cried out in anguish.
Word by Word
हताslain
हता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आरोहाःriders
आरोहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआरोह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मत्ताःmaddened, intoxicated
मत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गजाःelephants
गजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डवेनby the Pandava
पाण्डवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कृताःmade, caused (to be)
कृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes