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Shloka 36

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

तत: शब्देन महता विननाद महास्वन: । तेन नादेन वित्रस्ता कलिड्रानां वरूथिनी

tataḥ śabdena mahatā vinanāda mahāsvanaḥ | tena nādena vitrastā kaliṅgānāṃ varūthinī ||

Sañjaya said: Then, with a tremendous roar, the mighty-voiced warrior thundered aloud. Struck by that reverberating cry, the Kalinga battle-array was thrown into panic. In the moral atmosphere of the war, this moment shows how sheer force of presence and fearless resolve can unsettle an opposing host even before weapons decide the issue.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formavyaya
शब्देनwith/by a sound
शब्देन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
महताgreat, loud
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
विननादroared/resounded
विननाद:
TypeVerb
Rootनद् (वि + नद्)
Formaorist (luṅ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
महास्वनःthe great-sounding one (loud-roarer)
महास्वनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहास्वन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
नादेनby the roar/sound
नादेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाद
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
वित्रस्ताःterrified, shaken
वित्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवित्रस्त (वि + त्रस् + क्त)
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
कलिङ्गानाम्of the Kalingas
कलिङ्गानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकलिङ्ग
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
वरूथिनीarmy, host
वरूथिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवरूथिनी
Formfeminine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kaliṅgas
V
varūthinī (Kalinga host/army formation)

Educational Q&A

Even amid adharma-laden conflict, inner fearlessness and steadfast resolve have tangible power: they can break the enemy’s morale and protect one’s own side by inspiring confidence.

Sañjaya reports that a mighty warrior lets out an immense roar; the sound spreads across the field and the Kalinga forces, hearing it, become alarmed and shaken in their formation.