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Shloka 9

Abhimanyu’s Assault on Bhīṣma’s Screen; Banner-Felling and Reinforcements (सौभद्र-भीष्म-समरः)

कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिन: । आहारा राजसस्येष्टा द:ः:खशोकामयप्रदा:

kaṭv-amla-lavaṇāty-uṣṇa-tīkṣṇa-rūkṣa-vidāhinaḥ | āhārā rājasasyeṣṭā duḥkha-śokāmaya-pradāḥ ||

Arjuna said: “Foods that are bitter, sour, salty, excessively hot, pungent, dry, and burning are preferred by one dominated by rajas; they lead to suffering, grief, and disease.”

कटुpungent
कटु:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकटु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अम्लsour
अम्ल:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअम्ल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लवणsalty
लवण:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootलवण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अत्युष्णexcessively hot
अत्युष्ण:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअति + उष्ण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तीक्ष्णsharp/penetrating
तीक्ष्ण:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रूक्षdry/rough
रूक्ष:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरूक्ष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विदाहिनःburning/causing irritation
विदाहिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविदाहिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आहाराःfoods/diets
आहाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजसस्यof (the) rajas quality
राजसस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजस
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
इष्टाःliked/preferred
इष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दुःखpain/suffering
दुःख:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शोकgrief
शोक:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आमयdisease
आमय:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआमय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रदाःgiving/producing
प्रदाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that rajas-driven preferences in food—intensely stimulating, harsh, and irritating tastes—agitate body and mind and therefore tend to produce suffering, sorrow, and illness. It encourages moderation and mindful choice as part of ethical self-governance.

In the didactic discourse within Bhīṣma Parva, Arjuna speaks about the qualities of food associated with the guṇas. Here he characterizes what a rājasa person prefers and the negative consequences that follow from such dietary inclinations.