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Shloka 21

अक्षरब्रह्मयोग (Akṣara-Brahma-Yoga) — Knowledge of the Imperishable, Prakṛti, and Devotion

बाहास्पर्शेष्वसक्तात्मा विन्दत्यात्मनि यत्‌ सुखम्‌ । स ब्रह्मयोगयुक्तात्मा सुखमक्षयमश्लुते

bāhyasparśeṣv asaktātmā vindaty ātmani yat sukham | sa brahmayogayuktātmā sukham akṣayam aśnute ||

Arjuna says: One whose mind is unattached to outward contacts and the objects of sense discovers within the Self the happiness born of inner steadiness. Established in the yoga of Brahman—absorbed in the Supreme—such a person partakes of imperishable bliss.

बाह्य-स्पर्शेषुin external contacts (sense-contacts)
बाह्य-स्पर्शेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबाह्य + स्पर्श
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
असक्त-आत्माone whose mind/self is unattached
असक्त-आत्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसक्त + आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विन्दतिfinds/attains
विन्दति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (लभे/विन्दति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular
आत्मनिin the Self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुखम्happiness/bliss
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्म-योग-युक्त-आत्माone whose self is united with the yoga of Brahman
ब्रह्म-योग-युक्त-आत्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मन् + योग + युक्त + आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुखम्happiness/bliss
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अक्षयम्imperishable
अक्षयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नुतेenjoys/experiences/attains
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (अश्नुते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
B
Brahman (Supreme Reality)

Educational Q&A

Happiness grounded in the Self arises when one is not driven by sense-contact; through disciplined absorption in Brahman, one experiences a joy that does not depend on changing external conditions and is therefore described as imperishable.

In the midst of the Kurukshetra setting, Arjuna voices a teaching about inner discipline: he contrasts outward, object-based pleasure with inward, contemplative happiness, pointing to Brahman-realization as the stable culmination of yoga.