Shloka 4
Devanagari script
स्त्रियो वृद्धास्तथा बाला: प्रेक्षकाश्न पृथग्जना: । समभ्ययु: शान्तनवं भूतानीव तमोनुदम्
Translation
Women, elders, children, and common folk came to behold Bhīṣma, son of Śāntanu, as though all the people had gathered to worship the sun that drives away darkness.
Word by Word
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वृद्धाःold (people/men)
वृद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
बालाःchildren/boys
बालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रेक्षकाःspectators/onlookers
प्रेक्षकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेक्षक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
पृथक्separately/variously
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समभ्ययुःthey approached/came near
समभ्ययुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अभि-या
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
शान्तनवम्the son of Śantanu (Bhīṣma)
शान्तनवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भूतानिcreatures/beings
भूतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
तमोनुदम्the dispeller of darkness
तमोनुदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतमोनुद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes