Shloka 39

संजय उवाच समारोप्य महच्चापमभिवाद्य पितामहम्‌ | नेत्राभ्यामश्रुपूर्णाभ्यामिदं वचनमब्रवीत्‌,संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! तब अर्जुनने पितामह भीष्मको प्रणाम करके अपना विशाल धनुष चढ़ा लिया और आँसूभरे नेत्रोंसे देखकर इस प्रकार कहा--

sañjaya uvāca samāropya mahācāpam abhivādya pitāmaham | netrābhyām aśrupūrṇābhyām idaṃ vacanam abravīt |

Sañjaya said: Having strung his great bow and bowed in reverence to the grandsire Bhīṣma, Arjuna—his eyes brimming with tears—spoke these words.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
समारोप्यhaving strung/raised (having mounted)
समारोप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-रुह्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
महत्great, huge
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चापम्bow
चापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभिवाद्यhaving saluted
अभिवाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-वाद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
पितामहम्the grandsire (Bhishma)
पितामहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नेत्राभ्याम्with (his) two eyes
नेत्राभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनेत्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
अश्रु-पूर्णाभ्याम्filled with tears
अश्रु-पूर्णाभ्याम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअश्रु-पूर्ण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचनम्speech, words
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
G
great bow (mahācāpa)

Educational Q&A

Even amid unavoidable conflict, dharma requires restraint and reverence: Arjuna prepares for combat yet honors Bhīṣma as an elder, showing that righteous action is not mere aggression but duty tempered by humility and moral awareness.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna strings his great bow, salutes Bhīṣma, and—eyes full of tears—begins to speak, signaling the emotional and ethical tension of facing revered kin and teachers in war.