Shloka 47

Devanagari script

सोअन्यत्‌ कार्मुकमादाय पार्षत: परवीरहा । द्रोणस्य मिषतो युद्धे प्रेषयामास सायकान्‌

Transliteration

so 'nyat kārmukam ādāya pārṣataḥ paravīrahā | droṇasya miṣato yuddhe preṣayāmāsa sāyakān ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Pṛṣata, slayer of enemy heroes, took up another bow and, in the midst of battle, before Droṇa’s very eyes, discharged many arrows at him.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अन्यत्: another (one)
• अन्यत्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कार्मुकम्: bow
• कार्मुकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्मुक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आदाय: having taken
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दा
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• पार्षतः: the son of Pṛṣat (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
• पार्षतः: Karta
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: पार्षत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परवीरहा: slayer of enemy-heroes
• परवीरहा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर-वीर-हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रोणस्य: of Droṇa
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• मिषतः: while (he) was looking/on-looking
• Type: Verb (present participle used adjectivally)
• Root: मिषत्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter (genitive singular form), Genitive, Singular

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• प्रेषयामास: sent/shot forth
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + इष् (प्रेषयति, causative) / periphrastic perfect
• Form: Periphrastic Perfect (लिट्-परस्मैपद, आमास-प्रयोग), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सायकान्: arrows
• सायकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सायक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Pṛṣata
• Droṇa
• bow (kārmuka)
• arrows (sāyaka)
• battlefield (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfastness in one’s chosen duty amid adversity, while also exposing the ethical strain of war—especially when combat pits a warrior against a venerable teacher. It invites reflection on how dharma in battle can demand harsh action even against respected figures.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛṣṭadyumna, after taking up another bow, resumes the assault and shoots many arrows at Droṇa, doing so openly in Droṇa’s presence during the fight, as Sañjaya reports the unfolding combat.