Shloka 41

Adhyāya 104 — Śikhaṇḍin-puraskāraḥ (Śikhaṇḍin as Vanguard) and Bhīṣma’s Counter-Advance

Devanagari script

गौतमो5पि त्वरायुक्तो माधवं नवभि: शरै: । हृदि विव्याध संक्रुद्ध/ कड्कपत्रपरिच्छदै:

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | gautamo 'pi tvarāyukto mādhavaṃ navabhiḥ śaraiḥ | hṛdi vivyādha saṃkruddhaḥ kaṅkapatra-paricchadaiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then Gautama (Kṛpācārya) too, driven by haste and inflamed with anger, struck Mādhava’s (Sātyaki’s) heart with nine arrows, their shafts adorned with heron-feathers.

Word by Word

• गौतमः: Gautama (Kripacharya)
• गौतमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौतम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• त्वरायुक्तः: endowed with haste; hurrying
• त्वरायुक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरायुक्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• माधवम्: Madhava (Satyaki/descendant of Madhu)
• माधवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नवभिः: with nine
• नवभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• शरैः: arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• हृदि: in the heart/chest
• हृदि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृद्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• विव्याध: pierced; wounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• संक्रुद्धः: enraged
• संक्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संक्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कङ्कपत्रपरिच्छदैः: with arrows furnished/adorned with heron-feathers
• कङ्कपत्रपरिच्छदैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कङ्कपत्रपरिच्छद
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• गौतम/कृप (Gautama/Kṛpācārya)
• माधव (Mādhava—here Sātyaki)
• शर (arrows)
• कङ्कपत्र (heron-feathers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how intense anger and battlefield urgency can drive even venerable figures to decisive violence; it invites reflection on self-control (dama) versus the compulsions of kṣatriya duty in war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Kṛpācārya (called Gautama) swiftly and angrily shoots Sātyaki (addressed as Mādhava) with nine feathered arrows, striking him in the chest/heart and wounding him amid the ongoing combat.