Shloka 31
Adhyāya 104 — Śikhaṇḍin-puraskāraḥ (Śikhaṇḍin as Vanguard) and Bhīṣma’s Counter-Advance
Devanagari script
ततः शान्तनवो भीष्म: सैन्यं दृष्टवाभिविद्रुतम् । महता शरवर्षेण सौभद्रं पर्यवारयत्,तदनन्तर अपनी सेनाको भागती हुई देख शान्तनु-नन्दन भीष्मने बड़ी भारी बाण-वर्षा करके सुभद्राकुमार अभिमन्युको रोक दिया
Transliteration
tataḥ śāntanavo bhīṣmaḥ sainyaṃ dṛṣṭvābhividrutam | mahatā śaravarṣeṇa saubhadraṃ paryavārayat ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Then Bhīṣma, son of Śāntanu, seeing his army rushing in disorder, checked Saubhadra (Abhimanyu) by unleashing a great rain of arrows—restraining the young warrior’s advance and steadying the Kuru line amid the turmoil of battle.
Word by Word
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')
शान्तनवःthe son/descendant of Śantanu (Bhīṣma)
शान्तनवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भीष्मःBhīṣma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा), 'having seen'
अभिविद्रुतम्fleeing / having fled in disorder
अभिविद्रुतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-विद्रुत
Formneuter, accusative, singular; past passive participle (क्त) from √द्रु (with prefixes अभि+वि)
महताby a great (mighty)
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
शरवर्षेणby a rain of arrows
शरवर्षेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर-वर्ष
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
सौभद्रम्the son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)
सौभद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पर्यवारयत्checked/held back/blocked
पर्यवारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वारयति)
Formimperfect (लङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaB
BhīṣmaŚ
ŚāntanuK
Kuru army (sainyam)A
Abhimanyu (Saubhadra)A
arrows (śara)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes