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Shloka 166

Abhimanyu’s Śrāddha; Vyāsa’s Assurance of the Unborn Heir (अभिमन्योः श्राद्धं तथा गर्भरक्षणोपदेशः)

न पृष्ठतः कृतश्नापि संग्रामस्तेन दुस्तर: । “पिताजी! अभिमन्युने संग्राममें आगे रहकर शत्रुओंका सामना किया। उसने कभी भी अपना मुख विकृत नहीं किया। उस दुस्तर युद्धमें उसने कभी पीठ नहीं दिखायी

na pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtaśnāpi saṅgrāmas tena dustaraḥ |

Vaiśampāyana said: Even in that hard-to-cross battle, he did not act from the rear; the fight was made formidable by him. He faced the enemy from the front and never turned his back, embodying the warrior’s ethic of steadfast courage and honor in combat.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृष्ठतःfrom behind; turning the back
पृष्ठतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठ
FormAblatival adverb (tas-formation), indeclinable
कृतश्नाone who has done a (back-)turning; turning back (i.e., showing the back)
कृतश्ना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतश्न
FormFeminine, nominative, singular
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
संग्रामःbattle
संग्रामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
तेनby him; by that (person)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, instrumental, singular
दुस्तरःhard to cross; difficult to overcome
दुस्तरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुस्तर
FormMasculine, nominative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of meeting danger face-to-face: true valor is shown by not turning one’s back in battle, maintaining honor and resolve even in a nearly insurmountable conflict.

Vaiśampāyana describes a warrior’s conduct in a fierce battle, emphasizing that he did not fight from the rear or retreat; his steadfast front-facing engagement made the battle especially formidable.