Shloka 13

समूलफल;भि क्षाभिरचेंदतिथिमागतम्‌ | यद्‌ भक्ष्यं स्थात्‌ ततो दद्याद भिक्षां नित्यमतन्द्रित:,यदि कोई अतिथि आ जाय तो फल-मूलकी भिक्षा देकर उसका सत्कार करे। कभी आलस्य न करे। जो कुछ भोजन अपने पास उपस्थित हो, उसीमेंसे अतिथिको भिक्षा दे

samūla-phalabhiḥ bhikṣābhir acendatithim āgatam | yad bhakṣyaṃ syāt tato dadyād bhikṣāṃ nityam atandritaḥ ||

Vāyu said: “When an unannounced guest arrives, one should honor him by offering alms of roots and fruits. One must never be negligent. Whatever food is available at the moment—out of that very store one should always give the guest his share.”

समूलफलभिक्षाभिःwith alms consisting of roots and fruits
समूलफलभिक्षाभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमूलफल-भिक्षा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
अर्चेत्should honor / should worship
अर्चेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअर्च्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अतिथिम्a guest
अतिथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आगतम्arrived
आगतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-गम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भक्ष्यम्food / something edible
भक्ष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
स्यात्may be / should be
स्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःfrom that / from it
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भिक्षाम्alms / a portion given (to a guest)
भिक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभिक्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
अतन्द्रितःunlazy / vigilant
अतन्द्रितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतन्द्रित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
A
atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches atithi-dharma: one should diligently honor even an unexpected guest by sharing whatever food is presently available, without laziness or delay.

Vāyudeva is instructing proper conduct, emphasizing hospitality and charitable giving—especially the duty to offer food to a guest who arrives unannounced.