Shloka 44

Vyāsa’s Inquiry into Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Tapas and the Identification of Vidura with Dharma

Devanagari script

अभिवाद्य कुरुश्रेष्ठमामन्त्रयितुमार भन्‌ । माता तथा धुतराष्ट्रकी आज्ञा पाकर कुरुश्रेष्ठ पाण्डवोंने कुरुकुलतिलक धूृतराष्ट्रको प्रणाम किया और उनसे विदा लेनेके लिये इस प्रकार कहा-- ।।

Transliteration

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | rājyaṃ pratigamiṣyāmaḥ śivena pratinanditāḥ ||

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “Having received auspicious blessings and approval, we shall now return to the kingdom.”

Word by Word

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• अभिवाद्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभिवद्
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वान्त/absolutive), कर्तरि, पूर्वकाल (gerund)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठम्: the best of the Kurus
• कुरुश्रेष्ठम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुश्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आमन्त्रयितुम्: to take leave / to request permission
• आमन्त्रयितुम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: आमन्त्रय्
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive), कर्तरि

• अरभन्: they began
• अरभन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: रभ्
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), 3rd, Plural, परस्मैपद

• माता: the mother
• माता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: and also / likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• धृतराष्ट्रकी: of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• धृतराष्ट्रकी: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Non-classical/vernacular genitive form; in Sanskrit would be धृतराष्ट्रस्य, Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• आज्ञा: command / permission
• आज्ञा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आज्ञा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• पाकर: having obtained
• पाकर: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप्
• Form: Non-classical/vernacular absolutive; in Sanskrit would be प्राप्य / लब्ध्वा, absolutive (sense), कर्तरि

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Kurus
• कुरुश्रेष्ठ: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुश्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पाण्डवो: the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवो: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Non-classical/vernacular plural; in Sanskrit would be पाण्डवाः, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कुरुकुलतिलक: O ornament of the Kuru lineage
• कुरुकुलतिलक: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुकुलतिलक
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• धृतराष्ट्रम्: Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• धृतराष्ट्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रणाम: salutation / obeisance
• प्रणाम: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रणाम
• Form: In Sanskrit expected as verb (प्रणेमुः/प्रणम्य) or noun with verb; here used in Hindi-style narration, Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• किया: did / made
• किया: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Non-classical/vernacular perfective; Sanskrit would be अकरोत्/चकार, past (sense), 3rd, Singular (agreeing with Hindi auxiliary usage)

• और: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: और
• Form: Hindi conjunction; Sanskrit: च

• उनसे: from him/them
• उनसे: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Hindi oblique+postposition; Sanskrit: तस्मात्/तेभ्यः/तैः depending on sense, Ablative/Instrumental (sense), Singular/Plural (contextual)

• विदा: leave / farewell
• विदा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदा
• Form: Hindi; Sanskrit: विदा/अनुज्ञा/प्रस्थानानुज्ञा, Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• लेनेके: to take
• लेनेके: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: लॄ/लभ्
• Form: Hindi infinitival construction; Sanskrit: ग्रहीतुम्/लभितुम्, infinitive (sense)

• लिये: for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अर्थे
• Form: Hindi postposition; Sanskrit: अर्थम्/कृते

• इस: in this way / by this
• इस: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Hindi; Sanskrit: एतत्/इदम्, Instrumental (sense), Singular

• प्रकार: manner / way
• प्रकार: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकार
• Form: Masculine, Locative (sense, with 'in this manner'), Singular

• कहा: said
• कहा: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ्/वद्
• Form: Hindi past; Sanskrit: अवदत्/उवाच, past (sense), 3rd, Singular/Plural (contextual)

• युधिष्ठिर: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिर: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: लिट् (perfect), 3rd, Singular, परस्मैपद

• राज्यम्: the kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रतिगमिष्यामः: we shall return
• प्रतिगमिष्यामः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रतिगम्
• Form: लृट् (simple future), 1st, Plural, परस्मैपद

• शिवेन: with auspiciousness / safely
• शिवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• प्रतिनन्दिताः: being welcomed / approved
• प्रतिनन्दिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतिनन्दित
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Pāṇḍavas (implied by plural verb)
• rājya (the kingdom)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even after immense loss and moral strain, rightful governance is treated as a duty undertaken only with the elders’ consent and with auspicious sanction—rule is not mere power but a responsibility aligned with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira, speaking on behalf of the Pāṇḍavas, indicates that they have received favorable permission/blessings and are therefore taking leave to return from their visit to resume affairs of the kingdom.