Shloka 45
अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता
Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणो हानधीयानस्तृणाग्निरिव शाम्यति । तस्मै श्राद्ध न दातव्यं न हि भस्मनि हूयते
Translation
Bhishma said: A Brahmin who is without svādhyāya (sacred study and recitation) dies down like a fire in dry grass. Therefore, śrāddha-gifts should not be given to him, for no one performs a homa upon ashes.
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनधीयानःnot studying (Veda), not engaged in self-study
अनधीयानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधि-इ (अधीते)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle), Parasmaipada (active)
तृण-अग्निःa grass-fire (fire in dry grass)
तृण-अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतृण + अग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
शाम्यतिbecomes calm, dies down, is extinguished
शाम्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
श्राद्धम्śrāddha (funeral/ancestral rite), śrāddha-offering
श्राद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
दातव्यम्should be given
दातव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (gerundive), Passive sense
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भस्मनिin ashes
भस्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभस्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
हूयतेis offered (as oblation), is poured (into fire)
हूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहु
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes