Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 303
Śrāddha-Kalpa: Pitṛ-Pūjā and Tithi-Phala (श्राद्धकल्पः पितृपूजा च तिथिफलम्)
त्रि:सप्तकृत्वः पृथिवी कृता निः:क्षत्रिया पुरा । पूर्वकालकी बात है, जमदग्निकुमार परशुरामजीने तीव्र रोषमें भरकर इक्कीस बार पृथ्वीको क्षत्रियोंसे शून्य कर दिया था
triḥ-saptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī kṛtā niḥkṣatriyā purā |
Bhishma said: In ancient times, the earth was made bereft of the Kshatriya class twenty-one times. This recalls the old account that Paraśurāma, the son of Jamadagni, inflamed with fierce wrath, repeatedly annihilated the Kshatriyas—an episode often cited to reflect on the destructive power of anger and the grave ethical consequences of unchecked vengeance, even when framed as retribution.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse invokes Paraśurāma’s repeated extermination of Kshatriyas to warn that intense anger and vengeance can escalate into catastrophic, society-wide harm; ethical restraint and dharmic discernment are implied as necessary checks on retaliatory violence.
Bhīṣma, while instructing on conduct and moral order, cites an ancient precedent: the earth was rendered ‘without Kshatriyas’ twenty-one times—an allusion to Paraśurāma’s campaigns of retribution against the Kshatriya class.