Shloka 61
Adhyāya 64: Dāna-prakāra—Suvarṇa, Pānīya-dāna, Ghṛta-dāna, and Upakaraṇa-dāna
Utility Gifts
परंतप युधिष्ठिर! जैसे सब प्राणी मेघके सहारे जीवन धारण करते हैं, जैसे पक्षी महान् वृक्षका आश्रय लेकर रहते हैं, तथा जिस प्रकार राक्षस कुबेरके और देवता इन्द्रके आश्रित रहकर जीवन धारण करते हैं, उसी प्रकार तुम्हारे जीते-जी सारी प्रजा तुमसे ही अपनी जीविका चलाये तथा तुम्हारे सुहृद् एवं भाई-बन्धु भी तुमपर ही अवलम्बित होकर जीवन निर्वाह करें ।। इति श्रीमहाभारते अनुशासनपर्वणि दानधर्मपर्वणि एकषष्टितमो5ध्याय:
bhīṣma uvāca | parantapa yudhiṣṭhira! yathā sarve prāṇino meghasya sahāreṇa jīvanaṃ dhārayanti, yathā pakṣiṇo mahā-vṛkṣasya āśrayaṃ labdhvā vasanti, tathā yathā rākṣasāḥ kuberaṃ devāś ca indraṃ āśritya jīvanaṃ dhārayanti, evam eva tava jīvati sarvā prajā tvatta eva svāṃ jīvikāṃ pravartayet, tava suhṛdaś ca bhrātṛ-bandhavaś ca tvayi eva avalambitā jīvanaṃ nirvaheyuḥ ||
Bhishma said: “O Yudhishthira, subduer of foes! Just as all creatures sustain life depending on the rain-bearing clouds, as birds dwell by taking shelter in a great tree, and as the Yakshas and Rakshasas live supported by Kubera while the gods live supported by Indra—so too, while you live, let the entire people maintain their livelihood through you; and let your friends and kinsmen, your brothers and relations, likewise sustain themselves by relying upon you.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A king’s dharma is to be the sustaining support of society: like rain for creatures or a great tree for birds, the ruler must ensure the people’s livelihood and provide dependable protection and maintenance for friends and kin as well.
In the Anushasana Parva’s instruction on gifts and righteous conduct, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on the duties of rulership, using cosmic and social analogies (clouds, tree, Kubera, Indra) to stress the king’s role as the central pillar of public welfare.