Shloka 9
गोमूल्यनिर्णयः — The Determination of Value through the Cow
Nahuṣa–Cyavana Episode
Devanagari script
अतोड<विशिष्ट स्त्वधमो गुरुदारप्रधर्षक: । बाहां वर्ण जनयति चातुर्वर्ण्यविगर्हितम्
Translation
Bhīṣma said: If a Śūdra, the lowest of men, has intercourse with the wives of his elders—Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas—he begets offspring condemned by all four varṇas, cast out from the varṇa order (such as Caṇḍālas and the like).
Word by Word
अतःtherefore/for this reason
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
विशिष्टःdistinguished; (here) specified/particular
विशिष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अधमःlowest/base (person)
अधमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुरुदारप्रधर्षकःviolator of the wives of elders/teachers
गुरुदारप्रधर्षकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुदारप्रधर्षक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाह्यवर्णम्an outcaste class (outside the varṇas)
बाह्यवर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाह्यवर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनयतिbegets/produces
जनयति:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
चातुर्वर्ण्यविगर्हितम्condemned by the four varṇas
चातुर्वर्ण्यविगर्हितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचातुर्वर्ण्यविगर्हित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes