Shloka 35

Vivāha-dharma: Kanyā-pradāna, Śulka, and Pāṇigrahaṇa-niṣṭhā (अनुशासन पर्व, अध्याय ४४)

Devanagari script

स्थितिं च धर्मे जग्राह स तस्माद्‌ गुरुवत्सल: । अनुज्ञातश्न गुरुणा चचारानुत्तमं तप:

Transliteration

sthitiṁ ca dharme jagrāha sa tasmād guruvatsalaḥ | anujñātaś ca guruṇā cacārānuttamaṁ tapaḥ ||

Translation

Bhishma said: Therefore, being devoted to his teacher, he sought and secured steadfastness in dharma. Then, having received his teacher’s permission, he undertook the highest austerity—so that his commitment to righteousness would remain unbroken.

Word by Word

• स्थितिम्: steadfastness, state
• स्थितिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थिति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• धर्मे: in dharma, in righteousness
• धर्मे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• जग्राह: took up, adopted
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तस्मात्: from that (cause/therefore)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• गुरुवत्सलः: devoted/affectionate to the teacher
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरुवत्सल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुज्ञातः: permitted, having been allowed
• Type: Participle
• Root: अनु-ज्ञा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• गुरुणा: by the teacher
• गुरुणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चचार: practised, undertook
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अनुत्तमम्: unsurpassed, excellent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Guru (teacher)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True dharma is sustained by disciplined practice (tapas) guided by humility and respect for one’s teacher; ethical steadiness is something to be consciously sought and maintained.

What is happening in the narrative?

A devoted disciple asks for unwavering establishment in dharma, receives the guru’s permission, and then begins an intense course of austerity to secure that moral and spiritual stability.