Shloka 17
Vipulopākhyāna—Ruci-rakṣā and Śakra’s Māyā (विपुलोपाख्यानम्—रुचिरक्षणं शक्रमाया च)
ऋणमुन्मुच्य देवानामृषीणां च तथैव च । 8 ॥ विप्राणामतिथीनां च पठचमम्
ṛṇam unmucya devānām ṛṣīṇāṁ ca tathaiva ca | viprāṇām atithīnāṁ ca ||
Bhīṣma explains that a householder should consciously discharge the ‘debts’ owed to the sacred order of life: to the gods through sacrificial worship, to the seers through Vedic study, to the ancestors through worthy progeny and ancestral rites, to Brahmins through gifts, and to guests through hospitality. One who thus fulfills these obligations and performs scripturally enjoined duties with purity and humility does not fall away from dharma in the householder’s stage of life.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A householder preserves dharma by repaying fundamental obligations—through worship/sacrifice, Vedic study, generosity, and hospitality—performed with purity and humility.
In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he outlines the householder’s ethical-religious responsibilities, framing them as ‘debts’ that must be discharged to sustain social and cosmic order.