Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 49
Devanagari script
प्राणानुत्स्रष्टमिच्छामि तत्रानुज्ञातुमर्ह थ । सत्येषु यतितव्यं व: सत्यं हि परमं बलम्
Translation
“I wish to relinquish my life-breath; therefore, grant me leave for this. You all should always strive to uphold the dharma of truth, for truth is the highest strength.”
Word by Word
प्राणान्life-breaths, lives
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उत्स्रष्टुम्to abandon, to give up
उत्स्रष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√सृज्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
इच्छामिI wish
इच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Root√इष् (इच्छ्)
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular
तत्रtherein, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अनुज्ञातुम्to permit, to give leave
अनुज्ञातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√ज्ञा
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
अर्हथyou all are fit/ought
अर्हथ:
TypeVerb
Root√अर्ह्
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Plural
सत्येषुin truths / in matters of truth
सत्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
यतितव्यम्effort should be made / one must strive
यतितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Root√यत्
FormGerundive (Tavya), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वःfor you / of you (you all)
वः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive/Dative, Plural
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
परमम्supreme, highest
परमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बलम्strength, power
बलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes