Shloka 91
Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)
Devanagari script
उमोवाच गार्हस्थ्यो मोक्षधर्मक्ष सज्जनाचरितस्त्वया । भाषितो जीवलोकस्य मार्ग: श्रेयस्करो महान्
Translation
Umā said: “O Lord, you have spoken of the householder’s dharma (gārhasthya) and the dharma of liberation, as practiced by the virtuous. Both these paths are great ways, bringing profound welfare to the world of living beings.”
Word by Word
उमाUmā
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गार्हस्थ्यःthe householder-dharma (as a topic)
गार्हस्थ्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootगार्हस्थ्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोक्षधर्मःthe dharma of liberation
मोक्षधर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्षधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सज्जनाचरितःpractised/observed by good people
सज्जनाचरितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसज्जन-आचरित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular
भाषितःspoken/expounded
भाषितः:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवलोकस्यof the world of living beings
जीवलोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootजीवलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मार्गःpath/way
मार्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयस्करःbringing welfare/benefit
श्रेयस्करः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्-कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes