Shloka 8
Śiva-nāmānukīrtana-prastāvaḥ
Prologue to the praise of Śiva and the Upamanyu testimony
भीष्मजी कहते हैं--राजन! मैं परम बुद्धिमान महादेवजीके गुणोंका वर्णन करनेमें असमर्थ हूँ। जो भगवान् सर्वत्र व्यापक हैं
bhīṣma uvāca—rājan! ahaṁ paramabuddhimān mahādevasyāpi guṇān varṇayitum aśaktaḥ. yo bhagavān sarvatravyāpī san sarvatra (sarvātmatvāt) na dṛśyate; yo brahma-viṣṇv-indrāṇām api sraṣṭā prabhuś ca; brahmādyaiḥ devaiḥ piśācāntaiś ca ya upāsyate; yaḥ prakṛter api paraḥ puruṣāc ca vilakṣaṇaḥ; yaṁ yogavidaḥ tattvadarśina ṛṣayaḥ cintayanti; yo ’vināśī paraṁ brahma sad-asat-svarūpaś ca; yena devādhidevena prajāpati-śivena svatejasā prakṛtiṁ puruṣaṁ ca kṣobhayitvā brahmaṇaḥ sṛṣṭiḥ kṛtā—tasya devadevasya buddhimataḥ mahādevasya guṇān varṇayituṁ garbha-janma-jarā-mṛtyu-yuktaḥ kaḥ manuṣyaḥ samarthaḥ? ko hi śakto bhavaṁ jñātuṁ madvidhaḥ parameśvaram, ṛte nārāyaṇāt putra śaṅkha-cakra-gadādharāt?
Bhishma said: “O King, even I—though counted wise—am unable to describe the qualities of Mahadeva. He pervades everything, yet is not seen everywhere, for he is the inner Self of all. He is the maker and lord even of Brahma, Vishnu, and Indra. From the gods beginning with Brahma down to the piśācas, all worship him. He stands beyond Prakṛti and is distinct even from Puruṣa; the seers who know yoga and behold truth meditate upon him. He is imperishable, the supreme Brahman, whose nature embraces both being and non-being. That Lord of lords, Prajāpati Śiva, by his own radiance stirred Prakṛti and Puruṣa and thereby set Brahmā’s creation in motion. Who among mortals—bound to conception, birth, aging, and death—could be capable of fully recounting such a Deva’s attributes? Indeed, my son, who like me could know the reality of that Supreme Lord, except Nārāyaṇa himself, the bearer of conch, discus, and mace?”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches humility before the divine: Śiva’s nature is all-pervading, transcendent of categories like Prakṛti and Puruṣa, and ultimately identical with the supreme Brahman. Because human beings are bound by birth and death, they cannot fully grasp or describe him; only the highest divine standpoint—here identified with Nārāyaṇa—can truly know that Supreme Lord.
Bhīṣma, instructing the king in Anuśāsana Parva, praises Mahādeva and admits his own inability to exhaustively describe Śiva’s attributes. He situates Śiva as the lord even of major deities and as the cosmic principle behind creation, then concludes that only Nārāyaṇa (Viṣṇu), marked by conch, discus, and mace, can truly know Śiva’s full reality.