Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 63
Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda
Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity
Devanagari script
लोकांस्तारयितुं शक्ता मर्त्येंष्वेतेषु देवता: । सर्वे भवन्त: शृण्वन्तु एकैकं धर्मनिश्चयम्
Translation
These deities, present in the world of mortals, have the power to deliver the whole world. Let all of you listen: I shall set forth, one by one, the determinations of dharma.
Word by Word
लोकान्worlds/people
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तारयितुम्to deliver/save
तारयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (तारयति)
Formतुमुन्, Parasmaipada (causative base), Infinitive (purpose)
शक्ताःable/capable
शक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त (शक्-धातु से क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मर्त्येषुamong mortals/in humans
मर्त्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
एतेषुamong these
एतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
देवताःdeities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तःyou (honorific, plural)
भवन्तः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शृण्वन्तुlet (them/you all) hear
शृण्वन्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formलोट् (Imperative), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
एकैकम्each one (one by one)
एकैकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएकैक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मनिश्चयम्determination/decision regarding dharma
धर्मनिश्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
शक्र उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes