Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 14
Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda
Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity
Devanagari script
ये पठन्ति सदा मर्त्या येषां चैवोपतिष्ठति । श्रुत्वा च फलमाचचष्टे स्वयं नारायण: प्रभु:
Translation
“Those mortals who always read that śāstra, in whose hearts its truth becomes firmly established, and who, having heard of its fruits, expound them before others—such people become, in truth, the very embodiment of Lord Nārāyaṇa.”
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पठन्तिread/recite
पठन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपठ्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
मर्त्याःmortals/men
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपतिष्ठतिattends/stands by; is present (to them)
उपतिष्ठति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
फलम्fruit/result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचचष्टेdeclares/tells/explains
आचचष्टे:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
नारायणःNarayana
नारायणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभुःthe Lord/master
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes