Shloka 22
अध्याय १२८: शिव–उमा संवादः — तिलोत्तमा, श्मशान-मेध्यता, तथा चातुर्वर्ण्य-धर्मः
Chapter 128: Śiva–Umā Dialogue—Tilottamā, the Ritual Valence of the Śmaśāna, and the Fourfold Duty-Code
(सुदुर्विनीत: पुत्रो वा जामाता वा प्रमार्जक: । दारा वा प्रतिकूलास्ते तेनासि हरिण: कृश: ।।
sudurvinītaḥ putro vā jāmātā vā pramārjakaḥ | dārā vā pratikūlāste tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||
bhrātaro'tīva viṣamāḥ pitā vā kṣutkṣato mṛtaḥ | mātā jyeṣṭho gururvāpi tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||
brāhmaṇo vā hato gaurvā brahmasvaṃ vā hṛtaṃ purā | devasvaṃ vādhikaṃ kāle tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||
hṛtadāro'tha vṛddho vā loke dviṣṭo'tha vā naraiḥ | avijñānena vā vṛddhastenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||
vārthakārthaṃ dhana dṛṣṭvā svāṃ śrīrvāpi paraiḥ hṛtā | vṛttirvā durjanāpekṣā tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||
iṣṭabhāryasya te nūnaṃ prātiveśyo mahādhanaḥ | yuvā sulalitaḥ kāmī tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||
The brāhmaṇa said: “Perhaps your son is ill-disciplined; or your son-in-law is a ‘sweeper’ who has swept away the wealth of your household; perhaps your wife is contrary—therefore you are growing thin and pale. Or perhaps your brothers are exceedingly crooked; or your father has died, worn down by hunger; or your mother, your elder brother, or your teachers have perished likewise—therefore you are thin and pale. Or perhaps you once killed a brāhmaṇa or a cow; or formerly stole brāhmaṇa-property; or at some time took what belonged to the gods in excess—therefore you are thin and pale. Or perhaps your wife has been abducted; or you have grown old; or people in the world have come to hate you; or you have ‘grown’ through ignorance—therefore you are thin and pale. Or, seeing that you had wealth stored for old age, others have seized your own prosperity; or, for your livelihood, you must depend on wicked men—therefore you are thin and pale. Or surely, because you have a beloved wife, there lives near you a very wealthy neighbor—young, handsome, and lustful—therefore you are thin and pale.”
ब्राह्मण उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage probes the moral and social causes behind a person’s visible decline: domestic disorder, dependence on the wicked, social hatred, and especially grave transgressions like harming a Brahmin or cow or stealing sacred property. It implies that inner ethical failure and unresolved wrongdoing manifest outwardly as anxiety, loss of vitality, and misfortune.
A Brahmin addresses a man who appears emaciated and pale, offering a series of possible explanations—ranging from family troubles and bereavement to theft, abduction, old age, social enmity, and serious sins. The repeated refrain ‘therefore you are thin and pale’ functions as a diagnostic, pressing the listener toward self-examination and confession of the true cause.