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Shloka 163

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

ब्राह्मणा: क्षत्रिया वैश्या मया ते परिकीर्तिता: । धन्यं यशस्यं पुत्रीयमायुष्यं विजयावहम्‌ । इदमंशावतरणं श्रोतव्यमनसूयता,राजन! इस प्रकार तुम्हें देवताओं, असुरों, गन्धर्वों, अप्सराओं तथा राक्षसोंके अंशोंका अवतरण बताया गया। युद्धमें उन्‍्मत्त रहनेवाले जो-जो राजा इस पृथ्वीपर उत्पन्न हुए थे और जो-जो महात्मा क्षत्रिय यादवोंके विशाल कुलमें प्रकट हुए थे, वे ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय अथवा वैश्य जो भी रहे हैं, उन सबके स्वरूपका परिचय मैंने तुम्हें दे दिया है। मनुष्यको चाहिये कि वह दोष-दृष्टिका त्याग करके इस अंशावतरणके प्रसंगको सुने। यह धन, यश, पुत्र, आयु तथा विजयकी प्राप्ति करानेवाला है

vaiśampāyana uvāca | brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā mayā te parikīrtitāḥ | dhanyaṃ yaśasyaṃ putrīyam āyuṣyaṃ vijayāvaham | idam aṃśāvataraṇaṃ śrotavyam anasūyatā, rājan |

Vaiśampāyana said: “I have thus recounted to you the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas. This account of the descent of divine portions (aṃśāvataraṇa) is auspicious: it brings prosperity, fame, offspring, long life, and victory. O king, it should be listened to without fault-finding or envy.”

ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रियाःKshatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैश्याःVaishyas
वैश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
परिकीर्तिताःhave been fully described
परिकीर्तिताः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-कीर्त्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
धन्यम्bringing prosperity/wealth; auspicious
धन्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यशस्यम्bringing fame
यशस्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयशस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रीयम्granting sons/offspring
पुत्रीयम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुत्रीय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आयुष्यम्promoting long life
आयुष्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआयुष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विजयावहम्bringing victory
विजयावहम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविजय-आवह
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अंशावतरणम्the descent/incarnation of (divine) portions
अंशावतरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअंश-अवतरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
श्रोतव्यम्is to be heard; should be listened to
श्रोतव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
अनसूयताwith non-carping attitude; without envy/censure
अनसूयता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनसूयता
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
Rājan (the king, i.e., Janamejaya as listener)
B
Brāhmaṇas
K
Kṣatriyas
V
Vaiśyas
A
Aṃśāvataraṇa (doctrine/event of partial incarnations)

Educational Q&A

The passage teaches the proper way to receive sacred history: one should listen without envy or fault-finding (anasūyā). Such receptive listening is presented as ethically meritorious and spiritually/psychologically fruitful, yielding prosperity, fame, progeny, longevity, and victory.

After describing the aṃśāvataraṇa—how various beings manifest on earth in partial forms—Vaiśampāyana tells the king that he has already identified the principal figures across social orders (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya) and recommends hearing this account with a non-censorious attitude, emphasizing its auspicious results.