Shloka 31

Adhyāya 123 — Droṇa’s Pedagogy: Arjuna’s Preeminence, Ekalavya’s Self-Training, and the Bhāsa-Lakṣya Trial

Devanagari script

उवाच कुन्तीं धर्मात्मा देवराजवच: स्मरन्‌ । उदर्कस्तव कल्याणि तुष्टो देवगणेश्वर:

Transliteration

śakra uvāca | uvāca kuntīṃ dharmātmā devarāja-vacaḥ smaran | udarkaḥ tava kalyāṇi tuṣṭo deva-gaṇeśvaraḥ ||

Translation

Remembering the words of the king of the gods, the righteous one addressed Kuntī: “O auspicious lady, the future outcome of your vow will be blessed. The lord of the hosts of gods is pleased with us.”

Word by Word

• उवाच: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कुन्तीम्: Kuntī (to Kuntī)
• कुन्तीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुन्ती
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• धर्मात्मा: righteous-souled
• धर्मात्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• देवराजवचः: the words of the king of gods
• देवराजवचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवराज-वचस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• स्मरन्: remembering
• स्मरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ
• Form: Present active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उदर्कः: the outcome/result
• उदर्कः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर्क
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तव: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• कल्याणि: O auspicious one
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्याणी
• Form: Feminine, Vocative, Singular

• तुष्टः: pleased/satisfied
• तुष्टः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष्ट
• Form: Past passive participle (kta) from तुष्, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• देवगणेश्वरः: the lord of the hosts of gods
• देवगणेश्वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवगण-ईश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

शक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śakra (Indra)
• Kuntī
• Devarāja (king of the gods)
• Deva-gaṇa (host of gods)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A vow undertaken with righteous intent (dharma) bears auspicious results, and divine favor is portrayed as responding to sincerity, restraint, and steadfast resolve.

What is happening in the narrative?

Indra (Śakra) speaks, assuring Kuntī that the outcome of her vow will be auspicious and that the lord of the gods is pleased and intends to grant her an excellent son in accordance with her intention.