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Shloka 20

सूर्यरथ-रचना, ध्रुव-प्रेरणा, मास-गणाः च

Jyotish-chakra: Surya’s Motion and Monthly Retinues

ग्रामणीयक्षभूतानि कुर्वते ऽभीषुसंग्रहम् सर्पा वहन्ति वै सूर्यं यातुधाना अनुयान्ति च

grāmaṇīyakṣabhūtāni kurvate 'bhīṣusaṃgraham sarpā vahanti vai sūryaṃ yātudhānā anuyānti ca

The foremost among the Yakṣas and Bhūtas gather together the Sun’s rays; the Nāgas indeed bear Sūrya, and the Yātudhānas follow in his train. Thus the Lord’s niyati, the cosmic order, is upheld through appointed hosts.

grāmaṇīleader/foremost
grāmaṇī:
yakṣayaksha nature-spirit/guardian being
yakṣa:
bhūtānielemental beings/spirits
bhūtāni:
kurvatethey do/perform
kurvate:
abhīṣurays (of the sun)
abhīṣu:
saṃgrahamgathering/collecting
saṃgraham:
sarpāḥserpents/nāgas
sarpāḥ:
vahanticarry/bear
vahanti:
vaiindeed
vai:
sūryamthe Sun (Surya)
sūryam:
yātudhānāḥyatudhanas (occult/demonic beings)
yātudhānāḥ:
anuyāntifollow/attend
anuyānti:
caand
ca:

Suta Goswami

S
Surya
Y
Yakshas
B
Bhutas
N
Nagas (Serpents)
Y
Yatudhanas

FAQs

It frames the cosmos as a regulated procession of powers—rays, carriers, and attendants—implying that worship of the Linga (Pati) honors the supreme governor behind all cosmic functions, including the Sun’s movement and radiance.

Though Shiva is not named, the verse points to niyati (cosmic governance): diverse beings perform assigned roles. In Shaiva Siddhanta terms, this reflects Pati’s sovereignty—Shiva as the unseen Lord who orders pasha-bound hosts to maintain the world-process.

A contemplative Pashupata-style insight is suggested: meditate on the Sun’s rays and cosmic procession as manifestations of ordered power, cultivating vairagya and devotion to Pati (Shiva) who stands beyond pasha and directs all functions.