Shloka 59

Arśa-nidāna: Causes, Prodrome, Doṣa-types, and Complications of Hemorrhoids

Devanagari script

श्लेष्मणः स्निग्धता तस्य ग्रथितत्वं सवर्णता / अर्शसां प्रशमे यत्नमाशु कुर्वीत बुद्धिमान् / तान्याशु हि गदन्धा (कार्) य्य कुर्युर्बद्धगुदोदरम्

Transliteration

śleṣmaṇaḥ snigdhatā tasya grathitatvaṃ savarṇatā / arśasāṃ praśame yatnamāśu kurvīta buddhimān / tānyāśu hi gadandhā (kār) yya kuryurbaddhagudodaram

Translation

The sliminess of phlegm (śleṣman/kapha), its thickened and clotted state, and a uniform discoloration are the signs involved. Therefore the wise should swiftly undertake treatment to pacify arśas (hemorrhoids). For if these ailments are neglected, they soon lead to foul, fetid disease and may cause obstruction of the rectum and distension of the abdomen.

Word by Word

• श्लेष्मणः: of kapha
• श्लेष्मणः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्लेष्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन (सम्बन्ध)

• स्निग्धता: unctuousness
• स्निग्धता: Karta/Predicative feature (कर्ता/लक्षण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्निग्ध-ता (प्रातिपदिक; तद्धितान्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; भाववाचक (quality noun)

• तस्य: of it/of that
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ग्रथितत्वम्: thickening/knottedness
• ग्रथितत्वम्: Karta/Predicative feature (कर्ता/लक्षण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रथित-त्व (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; ग्रथ् + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; भाववाचक (state of being knotted/thickened)

• सवर्णता: uniform coloration
• सवर्णता: Karta/Predicative feature (कर्ता/लक्षण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स-वर्ण-ता (प्रातिपदिक; तद्धितान्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (समानः वर्णः) + ता

• अर्शसाम्: of hemorrhoids/piles
• अर्शसाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्शस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन (सम्बन्ध)

• प्रशमे: in alleviation/relief
• प्रशमे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रशम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण)

• यत्नम्: effort
• यत्नम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• कुर्वीत: should do
• कुर्वीत: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• बुद्धिमान्: the intelligent person
• बुद्धिमान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; गुणवाचक (one who is intelligent)

• तानि: those (conditions)
• तानि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Discourse particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/indeed)

• गदन्धाः: those blinded by disease
• गदन्धाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गद-अन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गदेन अन्धः = रोगेण मोहितः)

• कार्य: to be done/should be done
• कार्य: Vidhyartha (Obligation/विध्यर्थ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + यत् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (प्रयोगानुसारं); ‘to be done/should be done’

• कुर्युः: they should do
• कुर्युः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• बद्धगुदोदरम्: obstructed rectum and abdomen (constipated/blocked belly)
• बद्धगुदोदरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बद्ध-गुद-उदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (बद्धं गुदं यस्य/यत्र, गुदस्य उदरस्य वा)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue instruction to Garuda/Vinatā-putra, as typical in Garuḍa Purāṇa narration)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Pramāda (negligence) in health leads to escalation; wisdom is prompt remedial action.

Vedantic Theme: Kārya-kāraṇa (cause-effect) applied to embodied life; disciplined action sustains one’s capacity for dharma.

Application: Do not delay management of arśas (hemorrhoids); address kapha signs (snigdhata, granthita, uniform discoloration) and prevent obstruction/abdominal distension.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.156 (arśas/roga-lakṣaṇa context); Garuda Purana 1.157 (digestive nidāna continuation)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of treating arśas (hemorrhoids) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse stresses prompt pacification of arśas because kapha-related thickening and discoloration can rapidly worsen into obstructive and foul complications affecting the rectum and abdomen.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly discuss the soul’s journey; instead, it gives dhārmic-practical instruction on maintaining bodily health, implying that neglect of disease is unwise and leads to suffering.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Recognize early signs of worsening kapha-related congestion and seek timely treatment; do not ignore chronic piles/constipation, as neglect can lead to more serious obstruction and abdominal distress.