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Shloka 9

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

यथा स्वलिङ्गं संसर्गे ज्वरसंसर्गजो ऽपि वा / शिरोर्तिमूर्छावमिदेहदाहकण्ठास्यशोषारुचिपर्वभेदाः / उन्निद्रता संभ्रमरोमहर्षा जृंभातिवाक्त्वं पवनात्सपित्तात्

Transliteration

yathā svaliṅgaṃ saṃsarge jvarasaṃsargajo 'pi vā / śirortimūrchāvamidehadāhakaṇṭhāsyaśoṣāruciparvabhedāḥ / unnidratā saṃbhramaromaharṣā jṛṃbhātivāktvaṃ pavanātsapittāt

Translation

As one’s own characteristic signs appear through contact, so too fever may arise from association with another’s fever. From aggravated vāta together with pitta arise: headache, pain in the region of the heart, fainting, vomiting, burning of the body, dryness of throat and mouth, loss of appetite, and aching in the joints; also sleeplessness, agitation, horripilation, yawning, and excessive talkativeness.

Word by Word
यथाas, according to
यथा:
Sambandha (Adverbial relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमान/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'as/according to')
स्वलिङ्गम्one’s own characteristic sign
स्वलिङ्गम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + लिङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (स्वं लिङ्गम्)
संसर्गेin association/combination
संसर्गे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसंसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
ज्वरसंसर्गजःarising from mixed/combined fever
ज्वरसंसर्गजः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्वर (प्रातिपदिक) + संसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (ज्वरस्य संसर्गः; तस्मात् जातः)
अपिalso, even
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-भावार्थक-अव्यय (particle: 'also/even')
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
शिरोर्तिःheadache
शिरोर्तिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋति/अर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (शिरसः अर्तिः)
मूर्छाfainting, swoon
मूर्छा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वमिvomiting
वमि:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवमि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
देहदाहःburning sensation in the body
देहदाहः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक) + दाह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (देहस्य दाहः)
कण्ठास्यशोषःdryness of throat and mouth
कण्ठास्यशोषः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + आस्य (प्रातिपदिक) + शोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-तत्पुरुष-समाससदृशः: (कण्ठस्य च आस्यस्य च शोषः)
अरुचिःloss of taste/appetite
अरुचिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअरुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
पर्वभेदाःjoint pains (splitting of joints)
पर्वभेदाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पर्वणां भेदाः)
उन्निद्रताsleeplessness
उन्निद्रता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउत् + निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक) → उन्निद्रता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
संभ्रमःconfusion, agitation
संभ्रमः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसंभ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
रोमहर्षाःgoosebumps, horripilation
रोमहर्षाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरोम (प्रातिपदिक) + हर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (रोम्णां हर्षाः)
जृंभाyawning
जृंभा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजृंभा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
अतिवाक्त्वम्excessive talkativeness
अतिवाक्त्वम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअति (अव्यय/उपसर्गभाव) + वाक्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः (अति + वाक्त्वम्)
पवनात्from vāta (wind-doṣa)
पवनात्:
Apadana (Ablative source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootपवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन
सपित्तात्together with pitta (i.e., from vāta with pitta)
सपित्तात्:
Apadana (Ablative source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootस (अव्यय-सह) + पित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (पित्त-शब्दः), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः (सह पित्तेन)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata/Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Saṃsarga (contact/association) can transmit disease; wise restraint and care prevent harm to self and others.

Vedantic Theme: Interdependence (paraspara-sambandha) in embodied life; ethical responsibility arises from shared vulnerability.

Application: Recognize vāta-pitta fever signs; reduce exposure, rest, hydrate appropriately, and seek treatment; practice isolation/hygiene when fever spreads by contact.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.147.10 (kapha-vāta jvara); Garuda Purana 1.147.11 (kapha-pitta jvara)

FAQs

This verse shows the Purana’s practical, Ayurvedic-style mapping of disease signs to vāta and pitta aggravation, helping identify the underlying doṣic cause rather than treating symptoms alone.

It states that fever can manifest through association/contact, implying communicability, and then lists the characteristic symptom cluster seen when vāta combines with pitta.

Use the symptom cluster (burning, dryness, insomnia, agitation, joint pains) as a cue to seek timely care, rest, and cooling/soothing measures, and observe hygiene to reduce spread when fever is contagious.

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