Shloka 29

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

कामाद्भ्रमो ऽरुचिर्दाहो ह्रीनिद्राधीधृतिक्षयाः / ग्रहादौ सन्निपातस्य रूपादौ मरुतस्तयोः

Transliteration

kāmādbhramo 'rucirdāho hrīnidrādhīdhṛtikṣayāḥ / grahādau sannipātasya rūpādau marutastayoḥ

Translation

From excessive desire arise confusion, loss of appetite, burning sensations, loss of modesty, disturbed sleep, and decline of intellect and steadiness. In conditions like possession and the like, these are signs of sannipāta (a combined derangement of the three doṣas); while the appearance and related features indicate the action of vāta (the wind-humor) in those states.

Word by Word

• कामात्: from desire/lust
• कामात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भ्रमः: dizziness/delusion
• भ्रमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अरुचिः: loss of appetite
• अरुचिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दाहः: burning sensation
• दाहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ह्री: shame
• ह्री: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समाहार-गणना बहुवचनान्ते)

• निद्रा: sleep
• निद्रा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समाहार-गणना बहुवचनान्ते)

• धी: intellect
• धी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समाहार-गणना बहुवचनान्ते)

• धृति: steadfastness
• धृति: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समाहार-गणना बहुवचनान्ते)

• क्षयाः: losses/declines
• क्षयाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘ह्री-निद्रा-धी-धृति’ इत्यादीनां क्षयाः (losses)

• ग्रहादौ: in (cases) beginning with seizure/possession
• ग्रहादौ: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रह + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (ग्रहः आदिः यस्मिन्/यत्र)

• सन्निपातस्य: of the tridoṣa-combination (sannipāta)
• सन्निपातस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्निपात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• रूपादौ: in the symptoms beginning with appearance/form
• रूपादौ: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (रूपम् आदिः यस्मिन्)

• मरुतः: of Vāta (wind-humor)
• मरुतः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (वात-दोषः)

• तयोः: of those two
• तयोः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Kāma as a destabilizer of mind and body; disciplined discernment of doṣic patterns (sannipāta vs vāta) in graha/possession-like states.

Vedantic Theme: Indriya-nigraha and antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi: reducing kāma supports sattva and steadiness (dhṛti) conducive to higher knowledge.

Application: Moderate compulsive desire; prioritize sleep, diet, and mental steadiness; in altered states, seek competent assessment to distinguish tridoṣic crisis from vāta-dominant disturbance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.147 (kāma-hetu symptoms; graha/ādi; sannipāta and marut/vāta lakṣaṇa)

Characters & Entities

• Marut (Vata)
• Graha (spirit/possession)

FAQs

What is the importance of sannipāta in Garuda Purana?

This verse treats sannipāta as a serious mixed doṣa condition, identified through clusters of symptoms like confusion, burning, insomnia, and decline of intellect and steadiness.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Rather than the after-death journey, this passage focuses on embodied life: it links intense desire (kāma) to mental and physical disturbance, showing how inner impulses affect the subtle mind and bodily humors.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a self-check: when desire-driven agitation brings insomnia, burning, and mental instability, reduce stimulants and excess indulgence, cultivate restraint, and seek qualified Ayurvedic/medical guidance for doṣa-balancing care.