Shloka 5

Roganidāna: Definitions, Fivefold Diagnostic Method, and Doṣa-wise Causes

Devanagari script

उत्पित्सुरामयो दोषविशेषेणानधिष्ठितः / लिङ्गमव्यक्तमल्पत्वाद्व्याधीनां तद्यथायथम्

Transliteration

utpitsurāmayo doṣaviśeṣeṇānadhiṣṭhitaḥ / liṅgamavyaktamalpatvādvyādhīnāṃ tadyathāyatham

Translation

When a disease is just beginning to arise and has not yet become firmly established through a specific aggravation of the doṣas, its signs remain indistinct—because they are slight—varying according to each illness.

Word by Word

• utpitsuḥ: about to arise; intending to manifest
• utpitsuḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ut-√pad/√pat (धातु) + isu (कृत् प्रत्यय, इच्छार्थ)
• Form: इच्छार्थक कृदन्त (desiderative adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘उत्पत्तुम् इच्छन्’

• āmayaḥ: disease
• āmayaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āmaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• doṣa-viśeṣeṇa: by a particular doṣa (humoral) specificity
• doṣa-viśeṣeṇa: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: doṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; साधन/हेतुवाचकः

• anadhiṣṭhitaḥ: not yet established/located (in a site)
• anadhiṣṭhitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an- + adhi-√sthā (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नकार-पूर्वकः — ‘अनधिष्ठित’ = न अधिष्ठितः

• liṅgam: sign; symptom
• liṅgam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: liṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• avyaktam: unmanifest; indistinct
• avyaktam: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- + vyakta (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (लिङ्गस्य)

• alpatvāt: because of slightness/scantiness
• alpatvāt: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: alpatva (प्रातिपदिक; भाव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/ablative), एकवचन; हेतुवाचकः

• vyādhīnām: of diseases
• vyādhīnām: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyādhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Sambandha (Deictic/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; निर्देशार्थक सर्वनाम

• yathā-yatham: accordingly; as appropriate
• yathā-yatham: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + yatham (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb) — ‘यथायथम्’ = यथायोग्यम्/यथाक्रमम्

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: In the incipient stage, before doṣa-specific establishment, disease signs are faint and indistinct; variability requires attentive observation.

Vedantic Theme: Sūkṣma-lakṣaṇa: subtle indicators precede gross manifestation; careful awareness (apramāda) is a virtue in both health and self-inquiry.

Application: Track mild, early symptoms and patterns; intervene early with gentle measures; avoid ignoring ‘small’ signs that may indicate progression.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Ayurvedic sections on pūrvarūpa and doṣa-prakopa stages

FAQs

What is the importance of early (incipient) disease signs in the Garuda Purana?

This verse stresses that in the earliest stage, symptoms are subtle and unclear because the doṣas have not yet specifically aggravated—so careful observation is essential.

How does this verse explain the pathogenesis of disease?

It frames disease development as becoming clear only after a particular doṣa-pattern establishes itself; before that, the liṅgas (signs) remain indistinct and vary by condition.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat early warnings seriously—fatigue, mild discomfort, sleep/appetite shifts—because early intervention (diet, routine, restraint) is most effective before a doṣa-pattern becomes fixed.