Shloka 57
प्रत्याहारवर्णनम्
Pratyāhāra—Cosmic Withdrawal / Dissolution Sequence
Devanagari script
स्वात्मन्यवस्थितश्चापि विरूपाख्येन लिख्यते / इत्येतल्लक्षणं प्रोक्तं समासाज्ज्ञान मोक्षयोः
Transliteration
svātmanyavasthitaścāpi virūpākhyena likhyate / ityetallakṣaṇaṃ proktaṃ samāsājjñāna mokṣayoḥ
Translation
Though abiding in his own Ātman, he is described by the name “Virūpa” (formless). Thus, in brief, the marks of knowledge and liberation have been stated.
Word by Word
svātmaniin one’s own Self
svātmani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (स्व) + ātman (आत्मन्) (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)
avasthitaḥsituated, established
avasthitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootava + sthā (स्था) (धातु) → avasthita (अवस्थित)
FormKṛdanta past passive participle (क्त); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, additive/concessive particle (अपि)
virūpa-ākhyenaby the name ‘Virūpa’
virūpa-ākhyena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootvirūpa (विरूप) + ākhyā (आख्या/आख्य) (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) or Masculine (usage as name/epithet), Instrumental (तृतीया) Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: विरूपम् आख्यं यस्य/विरूप-नाम्ना
likhyateis written/recorded
likhyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootlikh (लिख्) (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Passive (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, quotative particle
etatthis
etat:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
lakṣaṇamdefinition, characteristic
lakṣaṇam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
proktamhas been stated
proktam:
Kriyā (क्रिया; predicate participle)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + vac (वच्) (धातु) → prokta (प्रोक्त)
FormKṛdanta past passive participle (क्त); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन), agreeing with lakṣaṇam
samāsātbriefly, in summary
samāsāt:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Hetu (क्रियाविशेषण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootsamāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी) Singular (एकवचन); adverbial: 'in brief/from summary'
jñāna-mokṣayoḥof knowledge and liberation
jñāna-mokṣayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna (ज्ञान) + mokṣa (मोक्ष) (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (द्वन्द्व) compound; Genitive (षष्ठी) Dual (द्विवचन)