Brahma Purana — The Two Vedic Paths: Karma, Knowledge, and the Inner Self (Adhyatma), Shloka 35

Devanagari script

नवनीतं यथा दध्नः काष्ठाद् अग्निर् यथैव च तथैव विदुषां ज्ञानं मुक्तिहेतोः समुद्धृतम् //

Translation

This verse (35) concludes the section with an injunction to uphold Dharma and righteous conduct.

Word by Word

• navanītam: butter
• navanītam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: navanīta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā (or Dvitīyā) Ekavacana; in simile as extracted essence

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, upamā-vācaka (comparative)

• dadhnaḥ: from curd
• dadhnaḥ: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dadhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Pañcamī (पञ्चमी/Ablative), Ekavacana

• kāṣṭhāt: from wood
• kāṣṭhāt: Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Pañcamī (Ablative), Ekavacana

• agniḥ: fire
• agniḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative), Ekavacana

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, upamā-vācaka

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/emphasis)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, samuccaya (समुच्चय/conjunction)

• tathā: so/thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/correlative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, prakāra-vācaka (manner), correlative to yathā

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, avadhāraṇa (emphasis)

• viduṣām: of the wise
• viduṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidvas (विद्वस् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive), Bahuvacana

• jñānam: knowledge
• jñānam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• mukti-hetoḥ: for the sake/cause of liberation
• mukti-hetoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mukti (प्रातिपदिक) + hetu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष) ‘cause of liberation’; Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive), Ekavacana

• samuddhṛtam: is thoroughly extracted/raised up
• samuddhṛtam: Kriyā (क्रिया/result state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ud-√hṛ (सम्+उद्+हृ धातु)
• Form: Bhūta-kṛdanta (भूतकृदन्त) past passive participle (क्त): Napumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with jñānam

Speaker

• Not specified; gnomic teaching.