Brahma Purana — The Threefold Suffering and the Path to Ultimate Dissolution, Shloka 49
Devanagari script
नरके यानि दुःखानि पापहेतूद्भवानि वै प्राप्यन्ते नारकैर् विप्रास् तेषां संख्या न विद्यते //
Translation
This verse (49) concludes in reverence, so that the reader may preserve knowledge and sustain bhakti toward the Divine.
Word by Word
narakein hell
narake:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
yāniwhich
yāni:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; duḥkhāni इत्यस्य सम्बन्धि
duḥkhānisufferings
duḥkhāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन
pāpa-hetu-udbhavāniarising from sinful causes
pāpa-hetu-udbhavāni:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpa + hetu + udbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; duḥkhāni इत्यस्य विशेषण
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
prāpyanteare experienced, are obtained
prāpyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√āp (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)
nārakaiḥby the denizens of hell
nārakaiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे कर्तृवाचक-तृतीया (agent in passive)
viprāḥO brāhmaṇas
viprāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे प्रयोगः (addressing)
teṣāmof those (sufferings)
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन (Genitive plural)
saṃkhyānumber, count
saṃkhyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
vidyateexists, is found
vidyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vid (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; भावे/सत्तायाम् (exists)
Speaker
Teacher/narrator addressing ‘viprāḥ’ (brahmins)