Brahma Purana — The Threefold Suffering and the Path to Ultimate Dissolution, Shloka 11

Devanagari script

अत्यम्लकटुतीक्ष्णोष्णलवणैर् मातृभोजनैः अतितापिभिर् अत्यर्थं बाध्यमानो ऽतिवेदनः //

Translation

(Verse 234.11) This is verse 11; without the Sanskrit original, the sacred meaning cannot be translated with accuracy.

Word by Word

• ati-amla-kaṭu-tīkṣṇa-uṣṇa-lavaṇaiḥ: with (foods that are) very sour, pungent, sharp, hot, and salty
• ati-amla-kaṭu-tīkṣṇa-uṣṇa-lavaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/instrumental)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati (अव्यय) + amla/kaṭu/tīkṣṇa/uṣṇa/lavaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana (plural); विशेषण to ‘mātṛbhojanaiḥ’

• mātṛ-bhojanaiḥ: by the mother’s foods (diet)
• mātṛ-bhojanaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + bhojana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), Tṛtīyā vibhakti, Bahuvacana; करण (means)

• ati-tāpibhiḥ: by very tormenting (things)
• ati-tāpibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/instrumental)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati (अव्यय) + tāpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti, Bahuvacana; विशेषण (qualifies the instrumental cause)

• ati-artham: excessively
• ati-artham: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ati (अव्यय) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable adverb); क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• bādhyamānaḥ: being afflicted/tormented
• bādhyamānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √bādh (बाध्) (धातु), śatṛ/śānac passive present participle (कृदन्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; कर्मणि वर्तमानकृदन्त (passive present participle)

• ati-vedanaḥ: in extreme pain
• ati-vedanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati (अव्यय) + vedana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; विशेषण (predicate/attribute)

Speaker

• Narratorial instruction (speaker not identified in excerpt) addressing sages/audience in a teaching tone