Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya–Yoga on the Great Self: Sense-Control, Inner Vision, and Liberation, Shloka 11
Devanagari script
शब्दस्पर्शौ तथा रूपं रसं गन्धं च पञ्चमम् इन्द्रियार्थान् पृथग् विद्याद् इन्द्रियेभ्यस् तु नित्यदा //
Translation
This verse (chapter 236, verse 11) sets forth a sacred meaning in accordance with the Puranic tradition.
Word by Word
śabda-sparśausound and touch
śabda-sparśau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśabda + sparśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative)
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अनुक्रमबोधक अव्यय (adverb: ‘likewise/also’)
rūpamform/colour
rūpam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
rasamtaste/flavour
rasam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootrasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
gandhamsmell/odour
gandham:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootgandha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
pañcamamas the fifth
pañcamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); क्रमवाचक विशेषण (ordinal) (agreeing with gandham)
indriya-arthānobjects of the senses
indriya-arthān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootindriya + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: indriyāṇām arthāḥ
pṛthakseparately/distinctly
pṛthak:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛthak (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb)
vidyātone should know
vidyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया/verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vid (विद्, धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
indriyebhyaḥfrom the senses
indriyebhyaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान/Ablative source)
TypeNoun
Rootindriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), बहुवचन (Plural)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक अव्यय (particle: ‘but/indeed’)
nityadāalways
nityadā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnityadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)
Speaker
Implied continuation of Vyāsa’s discourse; listener not specified