Brahma Purana — Krishna Subdues Kaliya and Purifies the Yamuna, Shloka 32
Devanagari script
अत्रावतीर्णयोः कृष्ण गोपा एव हि बान्धवाः गोप्यश् च सीदतः कस्मात् त्वं बन्धून् समुपेक्षसे //
Translation
This section indicates “32” as the verse number in the sacred Purāṇa manuscript.
Word by Word
atrahere
atra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)
avatīrṇayoḥof/in the two who have descended
avatīrṇayoḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootava-√tṝ (धातु) + kta (कृत्) → avatīrṇa (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी) वा सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी) द्विवचन; ‘अत्र’ इत्यनेन सह सप्तमी-द्विवचनार्थे (locative dual: ‘in the case of the two who have descended here’)
kṛṣṇaO Krishna
kṛṣṇa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, संबोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
gopāḥcowherds
gopāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootgopa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
hifor; indeed
hi:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (for/indeed)
bāndhavāḥkinsmen; relatives
bāndhavāḥ:
Pradhāna-nāma (प्रथमा-सम्बन्ध/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootbāndhava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
gopyaḥcowherd women
gopyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootgopī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)
sīdataḥare sinking; are in distress
sīdataḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√sad (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), द्विवचन
kasmātwhy; from what reason
kasmāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम-प्रश्नवाचक, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (ablative of cause: ‘why/from what reason’)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
bandhūnrelatives
bandhūn:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन
samupekṣaseyou overlook; you disregard
samupekṣase:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-upa-√īkṣ (धातु)
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
Speaker
Balarāma addressing Kṛṣṇa