Shloka 1

सूत उवाच अथ तं सुखमासीन उपासीनं बृहच्छ्रवा: । देवर्षि: प्राह विप्रर्षिं वीणापाणि: स्मयन्निव ॥ १ ॥

sūta uvāca atha taṁ sukham āsīna upāsīnaṁ bṛhac-chravāḥ devarṣiḥ prāha viprarṣiṁ vīṇā-pāṇiḥ smayann iva

Sūta said: Then the devarṣi Nārada, seated at ease, vīṇā in hand and as if smiling, addressed the brāhmaṇa-ṛṣi Vedavyāsa, who sat nearby.

sūtaḥSūta
sūtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; discourse particle/adverb (अनन्तर/मङ्गल-निपात)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
sukhamcomfortably/at ease
sukham:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative used adverbially (क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
āsīnamsitting
āsīnam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√ās (धातु)
FormKṛdanta; present active participle (शतृ) from √ās 'to sit'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying tam
upāsīnamsitting nearby/attending
upāsīnam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa-√ās (धातु)
FormKṛdanta; present active participle (शतृ) from upa√ās 'to sit near/attend'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying tam
bṛhac-chravāḥthe great-famed one
bṛhac-chravāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition to devarṣiḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootbṛhat + śravas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) compound meaning 'one whose fame is great'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); epithet of devarṣiḥ
devarṣiḥthe divine sage
devarṣiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
prāhasaid/spoke
prāha:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√ah/√brū (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
viprarṣimto the brāhmaṇa-sage
viprarṣim:
Karma (कर्म/object of prāha)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vīṇā-pāṇiḥthe one with a vīṇā in hand
vīṇā-pāṇiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootvīṇā + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) compound meaning 'one whose hand holds a vīṇā'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); epithet of devarṣiḥ
smayansmiling
smayan:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; attendant action)
TypeAdjective
Root√smi (धातु)
FormKṛdanta; present active participle (शतृ) from √smi 'to smile'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with devarṣiḥ
ivaas if
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; simile particle (उपमा-निपात)

Nārada was smiling because he well knew the great sage Vedavyāsa and the cause of his disappointment. As he will explain gradually, Vyāsadeva’s disappointment was due to insufficiency in presenting the science of devotional service. Nārada knew the defect, and it was confirmed by the position of Vyāsa.

S
Sūta Gosvāmī
N
Nārada Muni
V
Vyāsa (Vedavyāsa)

FAQs

This verse introduces the moment when Devarṣi Nārada approaches the contemplative Vyāsa and begins speaking—setting the stage for Nārada’s guidance on composing pure bhakti-centered scripture.

Vyāsa, though accomplished, remained inwardly dissatisfied; Nārada comes to direct him toward presenting unalloyed devotion to the Supreme Lord as the heart of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam.

Seek guidance from realized devotees and teachers, and prioritize spiritual sound (kīrtana, śāstra) that awakens devotion—rather than settling for achievements that do not satisfy the heart.