Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 25

Priyavrata Accepts Kingship by Brahmā’s Instruction; Sapta-dvīpa Formation and Renunciation

Devanagari script

आग्नीध्रेध्मजिह्वयज्ञबाहुमहावीरहिरण्यरेतोघृतपृष्ठसवनमेधातिथिवीतिहोत्रकवय इति सर्व एवाग्निनामान: ॥ २५ ॥

Transliteration

āgnīdhredhmajihva-yajñabāhu-mahāvīra-hiraṇyareto-ghṛtapṛṣṭha-savana-medhātithi-vītihotra-kavaya iti sarva evāgni-nāmānaḥ.

Translation

The ten sons were named Āgnīdhra, Idhmajihva, Yajñabāhu, Mahāvīra, Hiraṇyaretā, Ghṛtapṛṣṭha, Savana, Medhātithi, Vītihotra, and Kavi—names that are also appellations of Agni, the fire-god.

Synonyms

• āgnīdhra: Āgnīdhra
• āgnīdhra: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āgnīdhra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (as part of list; understood ‘(they are) Āgnīdhra…’)

• edhmajihva: Edhmajihva
• edhmajihva: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: edhmajihva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; karmadhāraya (‘whose tongue is fuel’ as epithet)

• yajñabāhu: Yajñabāhu
• yajñabāhu: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yajña + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; tatpuruṣa (‘arm of sacrifice’)

• mahāvīra: Mahāvīra
• mahāvīra: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + vīra (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; karmadhāraya (‘great hero’)

• hiraṇyaretaḥ: Hiraṇyareta
• hiraṇyaretaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hiraṇya + retas (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; karmadhāraya (‘golden seed/seminal’)

• ghṛtapṛṣṭha: Ghṛtapṛṣṭha
• ghṛtapṛṣṭha: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ghṛta + pṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; karmadhāraya (‘ghee-backed’)

• savana: Savana
• savana: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: savana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name

• medhātithi: Medhātithi
• medhātithi: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: medhā + tithi (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; tatpuruṣa (‘guest of wisdom/medhā’)

• vītihotra: Vītihotra
• vītihotra: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīti + hotra (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; name; tatpuruṣa (‘offering/oblation in vīti-rite’)

• kavayaḥ: Kavi (and others; sages/sons named Kavi)
• kavayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kavi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle (इति) closing list

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphatic (अवधारण)

• agni-nāmānaḥ: bearing names of Agni
• agni-nāmānaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: agni + nāman (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa (‘having Agni as name’/‘Agni-named’)

Characters & Entities

• Āgnīdhra
• Edhmajihva
• Yajñabāhu
• Mahāvīra
• Hiraṇyaretā
• Ghṛtapṛṣṭha
• Savana
• Medhātithi
• Vītihotra
• Kavi

FAQs

Why are the sons in Srimad Bhagavatam given Agni-related names?

This verse highlights that their identities were linked to Agni and yajña culture, indicating a family tradition centered on Vedic sacrifice, discipline, and dharma.

Who is speaking Bhagavatam Canto 5 Chapter 1 verse 25 and to whom?

Śukadeva Gosvāmī speaks this narration to Mahārāja Parīkṣit while describing the dynastic details in the Fifth Canto.

What is a practical takeaway from this shloka for modern life?

Choose names, habits, and daily practices that remind you of your spiritual ideals—so your identity naturally supports devotion, duty, and self-discipline.