Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

Akrūra in Hastināpura: Kuntī’s Lament and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Moral Instruction

यथावदुपसङ्गम्य बन्धुभिर्गान्दिनीसुत: । सम्पृष्टस्तै: सुहृद्वार्तां स्वयं चापृच्छदव्ययम् ॥ ३ ॥

yathāvad upasaṅgamya bandhubhir gāndinī-sutaḥ sampṛṣṭas taiḥ suhṛd-vārtāṁ svayaṁ cāpṛcchad avyayam

After Akrūra, the son of Gāndinī, had properly greeted his relatives, they inquired about news of their dear ones, and he in turn asked about their unfailing welfare.

यथावत्duly
यथावत्:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘properly/duly’)
उपसङ्गम्यhaving approached
उपसङ्गम्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + सम् + गम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having approached/met’
बन्धुभिःwith relatives
बन्धुभिः:
Sahakāraka (सह/साधन)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/सह), बहुवचन
गान्दिनी-सुतःthe son of Gāndinī (Akrura)
गान्दिनी-सुतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगान्दिनी (प्रातिपदिक) + सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘son of Gāndinī’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सम्पृष्टःbeing asked
सम्पृष्टः:
Karta (कर्ता) (of passive sense)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्रछ् (धातु) → सम्पृष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थ: ‘having been asked’
तैःby them
तैः:
Kartṛ (कर्ता) (in passive construction)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
सुहृत्-वार्ताम्news about friends
सुहृत्-वार्ताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृत् (प्रातिपदिक) + वार्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘news of friends’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Karta-nirdeśa (कर्ता-निर्देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formकर्तृवाचक-अव्यय (reflexive adverb: ‘himself’)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
अपृच्छत्asked
अपृच्छत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रछ् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
अव्ययम्fully/without omission (lit. unfailing)
अव्ययम्:
Karma (कर्म) (qualifier of what was asked)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; वार्ताम्/प्रश्नम् इत्यर्थे ‘unfailing/unchanging’ (intensively: ‘in detail/without omission’)
A
Akrūra
G
Gāndinī

FAQs

This verse shows Akrūra approaching his kinsmen “yathāvat”—in the fitting, respectful manner—and exchanging inquiries about everyone’s well-being, presenting social conduct as part of dharma.

Because Akrūra had come from significant events connected to the Yādavas, his family naturally asked for “suhṛd-vārtā”—news of their well-wishers—before other matters.

Meet people respectfully, ask sincerely about their welfare and the well-being of those they care about, and maintain steady composure—courtesy is also a form of devotion and dharma.