Srimad Bhagavatam — Chaturtha Skandha, Shloka 4

Indra’s Envy at Pṛthu’s Aśvamedha and Brahmā’s Intervention

False Renunciation Exposed

Devanagari script

अन्वितो ब्रह्मशर्वाभ्यां लोकपालै: सहानुगै: । उपगीयमानो गन्धर्वैर्मुनिभिश्चाप्सरोगणै: ॥ ४ ॥

Transliteration

anvito brahma-śarvābhyāṁ loka-pālaiḥ sahānugaiḥ upagīyamāno gandharvair munibhiś cāpsaro-gaṇaiḥ

Translation

When Lord Viṣṇu appeared in the sacrificial arena, Brahmā, Śiva, and all the planetary rulers with their followers came with Him; Gandharvas, sages, and hosts of Apsarās sang His praises.

Synonyms

• अन्वितः: accompanied
• अन्वितः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनु+इ (धातु) → अन्वित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘accompanied’

• ब्रह्मशर्वाभ्याम्: by/with Brahmā and Śarva (Śiva)
• ब्रह्मशर्वाभ्याम्: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + शर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/सह), द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (ब्रह्मा च शर्वश्च)

• लोकपालैः: with the guardians of the worlds
• लोकपालैः: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक + पाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (लोकानां पालाः)

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-सम्बन्धक अव्यय (preposition/adverb: with)

• अनुगैः: with attendants
• अनुगैः: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘followers/attendants’

• उपगीयमानः: being sung/praised
• उपगीयमानः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप+गै (धातु) → उपगीयमान (शानच्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच् (present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘being sung/praised’

• गन्धर्वैः: by Gandharvas
• गन्धर्वैः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• मुनिभिः: by sages
• मुनिभिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction: and)

• अप्सरोगणैः: by groups of Apsarases
• अप्सरोगणैः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सरस् + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अप्सरसां गणाः)

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Śiva (Śarva)
• Lokapālas
• Gandharvas
• Munis
• Apsarās

FAQs

Why are Brahmā and Śiva shown accompanying Pṛthu Mahārāja in Srimad Bhagavatam 4.19?

This verse highlights how exalted devas honor and support a truly dharmic, God-centered ruler; Pṛthu’s sacrifice and kingship were so pure that Brahmā, Śiva, and the Lokapālas personally accompanied him.

Who are the Gandharvas and Apsarās mentioned in Bhagavatam 4.19.4?

Gandharvas are celestial musicians and Apsarās are celestial nymphs; here they celebrate Pṛthu Mahārāja by singing and offering praise as part of the divine assembly.

What is the practical lesson of Bhagavatam 4.19.4 for modern life?

When leadership and personal duty are performed with integrity and devotion, it attracts genuine blessings and support—encouraging us to align our work and responsibilities with dharma and sincere remembrance of the Divine.