Shloka 1

श्रीशुक उवाच तदा देवर्षिगन्धर्वा ब्रह्मेशानपुरोगमा: । मुमुचु: कुसुमासारं शंसन्त: कर्म तद्धरे: ॥ १ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca tadā devarṣi-gandharvā brahmeśāna-purogamāḥ mumucuḥ kusumāsāraṁ śaṁsantaḥ karma tad dhareḥ

Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: When the Lord delivered Gajendra, the demigods, sages, and Gandharvas—led by Brahmā and Śiva—praised Hari’s deed and showered flowers upon both the Lord and Gajendra.

śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (श्री) + śuka (शुक प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya compound (कर्मधारय): ‘Śrī-Śuka’; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; temporal adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
devarṣi-gandharvāḥthe divine sages and Gandharvas
devarṣi-gandharvāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevarṣi (देवर्षि प्रातिपदिक) + gandharva (गन्धर्व प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva compound (द्वन्द्व): ‘devarṣis and gandharvas’; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
brahma-īśāna-purogamāḥled by Brahmā and Īśāna
brahma-īśāna-purogamāḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahman (ब्रह्मन्) + īśāna (ईशान) + purogama (पुरोगम प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi compound (बहुव्रीहि): ‘having Brahmā and Īśāna (Śiva) in front/leading’; Masculine, Nominative Plural (प्रथमा बहुवचन) qualifying devarṣi-gandharvāḥ
mumucuḥthey released, showered
mumucuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√muc (मुच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada
kusuma-āsārama shower of flowers
kusuma-āsāram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkusuma (कुसुम) + āsāra (आसार प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष): ‘shower of flowers’; Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
śaṁsantaḥpraising
śaṁsantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√śaṁs (शंस् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative Plural (प्रथमा बहुवचन) agreeing with subject
karmathe deed
karma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (कर्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tatthat
tat:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally with karma
hareḥof Hari
hareḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roothari (हरि प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

It is evident from this chapter that great sages like Devala Ṛṣi, Nārada Muni and Agastya Muni will sometimes curse someone. The curse of such a personality, however, is in fact a benediction. Both the crocodile, who had been a Gandharva in his previous life, and Gajendra, who had been a king named Indradyumna, were cursed, but both of them benefited. Indradyumna, in his birth as an elephant, attained salvation and became a personal associate of the Lord in Vaikuṇṭha, and the crocodile regained his status as a Gandharva. We find evidence in many places that the curse of a great saint or devotee is not a curse but a benediction.

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
D
Devarṣis
G
Gandharvas
L
Lord Brahmā
L
Lord Śiva (Īśāna)
H
Hari (Supreme Lord)

FAQs

This verse shows that Brahmā, Śiva, the devarṣis, and Gandharvas respond to Hari’s saving act by showering flowers and glorifying Him, affirming that the Supreme Lord is the ultimate doer and worthy of praise.

They are presented as foremost among revered beings; by leading the praise, they demonstrate that even the greatest cosmic administrators honor Hari’s supremacy—especially after His merciful intervention in the Gajendra episode.

Cultivate gratitude and devotion by consciously remembering and praising the Lord’s protections and blessings—through kīrtana, prayer, or sharing uplifting narratives—rather than taking outcomes as merely ordinary events.